Abstract:To further explore the bioactive ingredients of Thelephora ganbajun， six different solvents were used to extract Thelephora ganbajun， including water， ethanol， acetone， ethyl acetate， chloroform and petroleum ether. The effects of different solvents on the content of total phenols and ergosterol were investigated. At the same time， the polyphenol fractions， the antioxidant activity of the extracts and its inhibitory effect on the activity of α-glucosidase were analyzed. The result indicated that among the six extracts， the ethanol extract had the highest content of total phenols， which was （14.95±0.58） mg/g. The polyphenol components and content among different solvent extracts obviously varied. The content of ergosterol in ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts， （1.33±0.13） and （1.15±0.15） mg/g， respectively， were higher than that in other solvent extracts. The ethanol extract had the best antioxidant activity with the strongest scavenging ability of DPPH and ABTS+ free radicals， as well as the strongest ferric ion reducing antioxidant power. In addition， acetone， ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. According to correlation analysis， Thelephora ganbajun contained polyphenol components and ergosterol， potential substances for its antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.