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食品研究与开发:2019,40(20):1-8
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不同品种来源的大麦淀粉理化和功能特性的研究
(1.东北农业大学食品学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030;2.美国农业部农业研究局国家杂粮和马铃薯种质资源研究中心,爱达荷亚伯丁83210)
Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Barley Starch from Different Varieties
(1.College of Food Science,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,Heilongjiang,China;2.National Small Grains and Potato Germplasm Research Unit,Agricultural Research Service,United States Department of Agriculture,Aberdeen 83210,Idaho State,United States)
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投稿时间:2018-10-10    
中文摘要: 主要以两种不同品种来源的大麦淀粉(transit hull-less barley starch,BS1)和(tetonia hulled barley starch,BS2)为主要对象,同时以肉类工业中常用的淀粉(玉米淀粉、绿豆淀粉和马铃薯淀粉)为参比,研究不同来源淀粉的理化(直链淀粉含量、支链淀粉含量)和功能特性(溶解性、膨胀性、吸油性、糊化特性、凝胶强度、冻融稳定性)之间的差异。研究结果表明,BS1 为蜡质大麦淀粉,其支链淀粉含量可高达97.86%(干基质量)。BS2 为普通大麦淀粉,其直链和支链淀粉含量分别为33.68%和66.12%(干基质量),与玉米和马铃薯淀粉相似。在5 种淀粉样品中,BS1 和BS2 具有最低的溶解性(p<0.05);BS1 具有最高的膨胀性而 BS2 具有最低的膨胀性(p<0.05);BS1 和 BS2 具有较高的吸油性(p<0.05),其吸油效果仅次于玉米淀粉(p<0.05),而与绿豆淀粉之间没有差异(p>0.05);BS1 与 BS2 相比,具有较低的糊化温度、回生值和凝胶强度(p<0.05);BS1 具有最佳的冻融稳定性(p<0.05),甚至在经历5 次冻融循环以后,其冻融析水性仅为1.88%,但是BS2 的冻融稳定性较差,扫描电子显微镜的观察结果也证实上述冻融稳定性的结果。结果表明,BS1、BS2 与玉米淀粉、绿豆淀粉和马铃薯淀粉在理化性质和功能性质方面存在很大差异,为大麦淀粉在肉类工业中的广泛应用奠定了理论基础。
中文关键词: 大麦淀粉  品种  糊化特性  冻融稳定性
Abstract:The physicochemical properties (such as amylose content and amylopectin content)and functional properties (such as solubility,swelling power,oil absorption,pasting properties,gel strength,freeze-thaw stability)of barley starch obtained from two different varieties transit hull-less barley starch (BS1)and tetonia hulled barley starch(BS2)was investigated.Meanwhile,some commercial starches(such as corn starch,mung bean starch and potato starch)which widely applied in meat industry were also used as checks.Our characterization results showed that the BS1 was waxy barley starch,with 97.86 % of amylopectin content(based on dry basis).The BS2 was normal barley starch,it contained 33.68 % amylose and 66.12 %amylopectin,which was similar to corn starch and potato starch.Among all the starch samples,BS1 and BS2 possessed the lowest solubility (p<0.05),BS1 showed the highest swelling power and BS2 showed the lowest swelling power (p<0.05).The oil holding capacity of BS1 and BS2 was lower than corn starch (p<0.05),and similar with mung bean starch(p>0.05).Compared with BS2,BS1 showed lower pasting temperature,total setback value and gel strength(p<0.05).Moreover,BS1 showed the best freeze-thaw stability(p<0.05),even after five freeze-thaw cycles(the freeze-thaw syneresis was only 1.88%),however,BS2 showed a lower freezethaw stability (p<0.05).The freeze-thaw results were verified by scanning electron microscopy.The results in this research showed that the physicochemical and functional properties were significantly different in the barley starch samples obtained from two varieties and starch samples of corn,mung bean and potato.Our results also provide some theoretical basis for the application of barley starch in the food industry.
文章编号:201920001     中图分类号:    文献标志码:
基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(31671788);黑龙江省普通本科高等学校青年创新人才培养计划项目(UNPYSCT-2018164);东北农业大学“青年才俊”计划项目(18QC53)
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