Abstract:To investigate the protective effect of Portunus trituberculatus eggs （Pt-PS） against diabetic nephropathy was explored via a mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus established by streptozotocin combined with a high-fat diet. The results showed that Pt-PS ameliorated renal dysfunction by lowering the levels of urine glucose， total protein， uric acid， albumin， creatinine， albumin-to-creatinine ratio， and β-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase. These activities were associated with the body weight recovery and insulin resistance alleviation. Pt-PS inhibited tubular atrophy， collagen deposition， and fibronectin accumulation， thereby mitigating renal injury. In addition， Pt-PS attenuated renal fibrosis via restraining the transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β）/Smads signaling pathway. Interception of mitochondria pathway was involved in Pt-PS-inhibited renal apoptosis. Moreover， Pt-PS alleviated oxidative stress and inflammation， thus alleviating renal fibrosis and apoptosis.These results indicated that Pt-PS had significant renoprotective activity. Pt-PS inhibited renal fibrosis through TGF-β/Smads pathway and suppressed apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway.