Abstract:The content of active components and antioxidant activity of water and alcohol extracts from nineteen edible mushrooms were evaluated and compared. The results showed that there were significant differences in active component content and antioxidant activity among different edible mushroom extracts. Among the surveyed mushrooms，the highest polysaccharide content was observed in the water extract of Clitocybe maxima，which was 4 331.65 μg/mL. The highest content of total polyphenols and total flavonoids was found in the water extract of Cordyceps militaris，which was 556.88 μg/mL and 68.38 μg/mL，respectively. For antioxidant activity，the alcohol extract of Ganoderma lingzhi （with 92.36% DPPH· scavenging ability），the water extract of C. militaris （with 90.07% ABTS+· scavenging ability），and the alcohol extract of Agaricus blazei （with 92.31% hydroxyl radical scavenging ability） demonstrated good performances. In addition，there were also significant differences in active component content and antioxidant activity between water and alcohol extracts of the same edible mushroom. As measured by absorbance，the total reducing power of Dictyophora indusiata alcohol extract reached 1.35，while that of its water extract was 0.62. The results of correlation analysis showed that the content of total polyphenols and total flavonoids has strong correlation with antioxidant activity，exhibiting highly significant positive correlation with DPPH· scavenging capacity，ABTS+· scavenging capacity，and total reducing power.