Abstract:To optimize the extraction process of polysaccharides from Picea neoveitchii and explore its antioxidant activity，ultrasonic-assisted technology was used to extract polysaccharides from the leaves，fruits，and stems of Picea neoveitchii. The optimal extraction conditions were selected through orthogonal experiments，and the polysaccharides obtained under these optimal conditions were subjected to in vitro antioxidant activity studies. The experimental results showed that the optimal extraction conditions for polysaccharides from the leaves of Picea neoveitchii were a solid-liquid ratio of 1∶30 （g/mL），ultrasonic temperature of 60 ℃，and ultrasonic time of 60 min，with the leaf polysaccharides yielding an extraction rate of 4.24% under these conditions. The optimal extraction conditions for polysaccharides from the fruit were a solid-liquid ratio of 1∶25 （g/mL），ultrasonic temperature of 70 ℃，and ultrasonic time of 70 min，with the fruit polysaccharides yielding an extraction rate of 3.99% under these conditions. The optimal extraction conditions for polysaccharides from the stem were a solid-liquid ratio of 1∶30（g/mL），ultrasonic temperature of 70 ℃，and ultrasonic time of 70 min，with the stem polysaccharides yielding an extraction rate of 3.95% under these conditions. The analysis of the antioxidant activity of polysaccharides showed that the polysaccharides from the leaves of Picea neoveitchii had the best antioxidant effect.