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投稿时间：2024-01-25
投稿时间：2024-01-25
中文摘要: 为探究菌种和培养基对发酵党参茎叶中总皂苷、总黄酮和粗多糖生物活性成分含量变化的影响，以菌丝生物量为指标，通过比较10 种食药用真菌在未添加党参茎叶组（对照组）与党参茎叶组（试验组）中菌丝体生物量的差异，筛选出适合与党参茎叶共培养的真菌和相应的培养基。并通过紫外分光光度法测定党参茎叶液体发酵前后总皂苷、总黄酮、粗多糖含量。结果表明，以党参茎叶为基质的营养型培养基对灵芝菌、云芝菌、裂褶菌、羊肚菌4 种食药用真菌菌丝体生长有促进作用，尤以羊肚菌最为明显，菌丝体生物量高达1.69 g/100 mL；发酵后党参茎叶粗多糖含量均有提高，其中灵芝菌最高（粗多糖含量27.116 4 mg/g，与空白组相比变化率为55.32%），羊肚菌次之（粗多糖含量为24.881 5 mg/g，与空白组相比变化率为42.52%）；云芝菌发酵党参茎叶总黄酮含量为38.412 4 mg/g，比空白组增加了16.46%，而灵芝菌、羊肚菌发酵党参茎叶总黄酮含量均有不同程度的下降；同时发现4 种食药用真菌发酵党参茎叶总皂苷含量均显著下降。以党参茎叶为底物的培养基中，营养型培养基中总皂苷、总黄酮、粗多糖含量均比综合马铃薯琼脂培养基高，且加富型培养基均不适合这4 种菌种的生长。综上，以党参茎叶为基质的营养型培养基中，灵芝菌、云芝菌、裂褶菌、羊肚菌对发酵党参茎叶中生物活性成分含量影响较大，适宜的菌种及培养基可以显著提高其生物活性成分的含量。
Abstract:The effects of strain and culture medium on the content of bioactive components of total saponins，total flavonoids， and crude polysaccharides in the stems and leaves of fermented Codonopsis were studied， and the fungi and culture medium suitable for co-culture with the stems and leaves of Codonopsis were screened by comparing the mycelial biomass of 10 kinds of edible and medicinal fungi in the group without stems and leaves of Codonopsis （control group） and the group with stems and leaves of Codonopsis （experimental group）.The content of total saponins， total flavonoids， and crude polysaccharides before and after fermentation of the stems and leaves of Codonopsis was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The nutrient medium based on the stems and leaves of Codonopsis could promote the mycelium growth of Ganoderma lucidum， Coriolus versicolor， Schizophyllum commune， and Morchella， especially Morchella with the mycelial biomass as high as 1.69 g/100 mL. The crude polysaccharide content in stems and leaves of Codonopsis was increased after fermentation， which was highest in the G. lucidum group （27.116 4 mg/g）， followed by that in the Morchella group（24.881 5 mg/g）. The change rate of crude polysaccharide content was 55.32% and 42.52% in the two groups compared with the blank group. The total flavonoid content in stems and leaves of Codonopsis fermented by C.versicolor was 38.412 4 mg/g， which was increased by 16.46% compared with that in the blank group. The total flavonoid content in stems and leaves of Codonopsis fermented by G. lucidum and Morchella decreased to varying degrees. The content of total saponins in the stems and leaves of Codonopsis fermented by the four kinds of edible and medicinal fungi decreased significantly. The content of total saponins， total flavonoids， and crude polysaccharides in the nutrient medium was higher than that in the comprehensive potato dextrose agar medium when the stems and leaves of Codonopsis were used as substrates， and the enriched medium was not suitable for the growth of these four strains. In conclusion， in the nutrient medium based on the stems and leaves of Codonopsis， G. lucidum， C. versicolor， S. commune， and Morchella had a great influence on the content of bioactive components in the stems and leaves of Codonopsis. Appropriate strains and medium can significantly increase the content of bioactive components.
keywords: edible and medicinal fungi culture medium liquid fermentation stems and leaves of Codonopsis active components
文章编号：202510008 中图分类号： 文献标志码：
基金项目:山西省中医药管理局科研课题（2022ZYYC096）；山西中医药大学科技创新能力培育计划项目（2023PY-TH-02）
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