Abstract:Type I collagen is ubiquitous in bones，derma，tendons，ligaments，and corneas of animals. It is the most abundant protein with a triple helix structure. With exceptional gel properties，biocompatibility，low antigenicity，signal conductivity，biodegradability，and hemostatic properties，type I collagen has wide application prospects in food，cosmetics，biomedicine and other fields. Type I collagen has become the focus of research on collagen. The structure，extraction methods，and applications of type I collagen were summarized，and the existing challenges were proposed，with a view to providing guidance for related studies.