Abstract:In vivo and in vitro hypoglycemic activities of Smilax glabra Roxb′s （E-RSG） alcoholic extract and its main component astilbin were compared in this study. Inhibitory activity of E-RSG and astilbin against αglucosidase and pancreatic lipase were determined，respectively. Fluorescence quenching rates of the samples on the enzymes were examined. A diabetic mouse model was established by the alloxan method to investigate the in vivo hypoglycemic activity of astilbin and E-RSG. Results showed that，compared to astilbin，E-RSG exhibited a significantly higher inhibitory effect against α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase. The fluorescence quenching rate constant of the extract toward the enzymes was 3.32 and 5.89 times that of astilbin，respectively，indicating that E-RSG′s affinity with the enzymes was stronger. Compared with the diabetic model group，both E-RSG and astilbin significantly reduced fasting blood glucose of diabetic mice （P<0.01），remarkedly increased glucose tolerance. Besides，alloxan-induced body weight loss was ameliorated，and total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were decreased. In addition，hepatic and renal indexes were significantly decreased（P<0.05），exerting a protective effect against hyperglycemia-induced hepatic and renal injuries. Compared to astilbin，E-RSG presented better physiological activity.