Abstract:The low dietary fiber diet could implicate in the pathogenesis and progression of inflammatory bowel disease by altering the composition of gut microbiota，levels of short-chain fatty acids，integrity of intestinal barrier，and homeostasis of the immune system.Targeted delivery of short-chain fatty acids to the colon with dietary fiber as the carrier to improve intestinal homeostasis could effectively alleviate inflammatory bowel disease.On the basis of elucidating the relationship between the low dietary fiber diet and inflammatory bowel disease，this paper reviewed the mechanism of action，forms，and common carriers of dietary fiber-based colontargeted delivery systems for short-chain fatty acids to ameliorate inflammatory bowel disease，and provided perspectives on the future direction for dietary fiber delivery systems.