Abstract:Phallus inpudicu is a kind of rare edible fungus.In order to increase the value of the resources of P.inpudicu，this study investigated the effects of polysaccharides from P.inpudicu egg tray（PIT）and fruiting body（PIF）on immunity and the gut microbiota of immunosuppressed mice，and their immunoregulatory activities were comprehensively evaluated.The results showed that the total white blood cell count and spleen index in different doses of P.inpudicu PIT group and PIF group were both increased（P<0.05，P<0.01 or P<0.001），and the levels of tumor nerosis factor-α（TNF-α），interferon-γ（IFN-γ）and the activities of lactate dehydrogenase（LDH），acid phosphatase（ACP）in serum were significantly increased（P<0.05，P<0.01 or P<0.001）.The malondialdehyde（MDA）content in spleen was significantly decreased（P<0.05 or P<0.001），while the catalase（CAT）activity was significantly increased（P<0.01 or P<0.001）.The number of lymphocytes in spleen tissue was increased and the arrangement of lymphocytes was improved.P.inpudicu PIT and PIF can promote the production of short-chain fatty acids，change the composition of gut microbiota in immunosuppressed mice，increase the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes，and decrease the relative abundance of Firmicutes.