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食品研究与开发:2022,43(11):92-101
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发酵处理对寿眉风味物质的影响研究
(1.湖南农业大学 园艺学院,国家植物功能成分利用工程技术研究中心,茶学教育部重点实验室,植物功能成分利用省部共建协同创新中心,湖南 长沙 410128;2.寿宁金花白茶科技有限公司,福建 宁德 352000)
Changes of Flavor Components of Shoumei during Fermentation Treatment
(1.College of Horticulture,Hunan Agriculture University,National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients,Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education,Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients,Changsha 410128,Hunan,China;2.Shouning Jinhua White Tea Technology Co.,Ltd.,Ningde 352000,Fujian,China)
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投稿时间:2022-02-09    
中文摘要: 为探明微生物发酵过程对寿眉滋味和香气品质的形成作用,以福建寿眉为原料,取原料、渥堆发酵、微生物发酵及干燥工艺节点茶样为试材,采用感官审评、理化成分检测及顶空固相微萃取-气质联用技术对其风味物质进行分析。结果表明,寿眉经微生物发酵及干燥后,茶多酚、儿茶素、游离氨基酸和茶黄素含量均显著降低,降幅分别为27.79%、57.20%、24.91%和52.56%;可溶性糖、水浸出物含量略有降低;没食子酸含量显著增加,增幅达96.08%;黄酮及咖啡碱含量略有增加。整个过程共鉴定出142种挥发性成分,包括醇类、酯类、碳氢类、酮类、醛类及少量酸类、酚醚类、杂环类物质和其他物质。表现为(花)木香和药香的香气组分如柏木脑、α-柏木烯和芳樟醇氧化物等含量显著升高,而大部分表现为花果香和清凉香(感)的香气组分如苯甲醇、β-环柠檬醛、苯乙醛及橙花醇等物质含量显著降低。
中文关键词: 白茶  微生物发酵  香气  滋味  品质提升
Abstract:In order to explore the role of microbial fermentation in the formation of the taste and aroma quality of Shoumei,the flavor components in Fujian Shoumei were analyzed by sensory evaluation,physical and chemical detection and HS-SPME/GC-MS.The Shoumei samples were collected from raw material,pile fermentation,microbial fermentation and drying process.The results showed that after microbial fermentation and drying,the content of tea polyphenols,catechins,free amino acids and theaflavins reduced by 27.79%,57.20%,24.91% and 52.56%,respectively,while the content of soluble sugars and water extract decreased slightly.Moreover,the content of gallic acid increased by 96.08%,while that of flavonoids and caffeine increased slightly.A total of 142 volatile components were detected,including alcohols,esters,hydrocarbons,ketones,aldehydes and small amounts of acids,phenolic ethers,heterocyclic and other compounds.The content of cedrol,α-cedrene and linalool oxide with flower(wood)and medicinal aroma increased significantly.The content of benzyl alcohol,βcyclocitral,benzeneacetaldehyde and nerol with flower and fruit aroma or refreshing flavor decreased obviously.
文章编号:202211012     中图分类号:    文献标志码:
基金项目:大湘西地区茶叶公共品牌建设及茶旅融合发展示范专项(湘发改投资[2018]249号)
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