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投稿时间:2023-07-14
投稿时间:2023-07-14
中文摘要: 为提升紫秋葡萄酒品质,采用扣囊复膜孢酵母(Saccharomycopsis fibuligera,SF)与异常威克汉姆酵母(Wickerhamomyces anomalus,WK)作为紫秋葡萄酒发酵菌株,并检测发酵过程中微生物数量变化、发酵后葡萄酒的理化指标、有机酸与挥发性成分。结果表明:在混菌发酵过程中WK 的生长受SF 的抑制且发酵结束后酒精度显著低于安琪果酒专用酵母单菌发酵的葡萄酒。WK+SF 发酵的葡萄酒花青素与总酚含量最高,分别为3.31 mg/L 与454.31 mg/L;总酸与还原糖含量较低,均为6.39 g/L;酒石酸、乳酸、柠檬酸与苹果酸含量分别为1 058.00、102.60、256.44、91.08 mg/L。混菌发酵的葡萄酒整体感官较单菌发酵高,其中WK+SF 发酵的葡萄酒整体感官较好,具有玫瑰、紫罗兰等的花香与香蕉、菠萝等的果香,但存在酒精度相对较低、发酵香相对较弱的问题。在6 种葡萄酒中共检测出46 种挥发性成分,其中30 种为共有成分,WK+SF 发酵的葡萄酒挥发性成分种类、酯类与醇类物质含量均为最高,分别为45 种、259 024.73 μg/L 与319 170.16 μg/L,主成分分析发现不同酵母发酵的葡萄酒风味有较大差异,累计方差贡献率为82.8%。综上所述,采用混菌发酵方法能显著提高紫秋葡萄酒品质,可对紫秋葡萄酒的生产提供基础理论数据支撑。
Abstract:The fruits of Vitis davidii Fo?x were fermented with both Saccharomycopsis fibuligera(SF)and Wickerhamomyces anomalus(WK),with the aim of improving the wine quality.The yeast count during fermentation,as well as the basic physical and chemical indexes,organic acids,and volatile components of wine after fermentation,was determined.The results showed that the growth of WK was inhibited by SF during the mixed fermentation,and the alcohol content in the wine after mixed fermentation was significantly lower than that in the wine produced with only Angel yeast.The wine from mixed(WK+SF)fermentation had the highest content of anthocyanins and total phenols(3.31 mg/L and 454.31 mg/L,respectively)and lower content of total acids and reducing sugar(6.39 g/L and 6.39 g/L,respectively). The content of tartaric acid,lactic acid,citric acid,and malic acid in the wine from mixed fermentation was 1 058.00,102.60,256.44,and 91.08 mg/L,respectively. The wine from mixed fermentation had better overall sensory quality than that from fermentation with single strains,presenting the floral aromas of roses and violets and the fruity aromas of bananas and pineapples.However,it had low alcohol content and weak fermentation aroma. A total of 46 volatile components were detected in 6 wine products,including 30 common components. The wine from mixed fermentation had the most(45)volatile components and the highest content of esters and alcohols(259 024.73 μg/L and 319 170.16 μg/L,respectively). The principal component analysis showed that the wine produced with different yeast species had different flavors,and the cumulative variance explained by the first two principal components was 82.8%.In summary,mixed fermentation can significantly improve the quality and provide data support for the production of V.davidii wine.
keywords: Vitis davidii Foëx mixed fermentation gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) principal component analysis sensory evaluation
文章编号:202420001 中图分类号: 文献标志码:
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(32172354)
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