Abstract:To optimize the extraction process and identify the chemical constituents of the volatile oil from Z.striolatum Diels，so as to provide experimental basis for the development and utilization of Z.striolatum Diels.Single factor experiment，multi factor and multi level orthogonal experiment and ultrasonic assisted distillation were used to extract volatile oil from Z.striolatum Diels.Taking the extraction rate of the Z.striolatum Diels volatile oil as the evaluation index，the effects of ultrasonic time，distillation time and solid-liquid ratio on the extraction rate of volatile oil were studied respectively，The chemical constituents and types of volatile oils were analyzed by gass chromatography-mass spectormetry（GC-MS）and NIST4.0 mass spectrometry.The relative percentile content of each component were calculated by using peak area normalization method.The optimal extraction process of the volatile oil were sultrasonic 60 min，distillation time 4 h，material liquid ratio 1 ∶3 （g/mL），extraction rate reached 0.036 8%；and identified 17 major chemical composition，which accounted for 85.074%of the total volatile oil，of which were eight kinds of alkenes，and three of the highest content were palmitic acid（30.508%），beta parsley（12.359%）and erucate（7.376%）.